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Tips to understand an essay question and to respond directly to an instructor’s writing prompt can be found at Troy University’s Online Writing Center:

More tips to understand an essay question and to respond directly to an instructor’s writing prompt can be found at the Harvard College Writing Center:

Tips and steps to plan a draft and to prewrite can be found at Troy University’s Online Writing Center:

More tips to plan a draft and to prewrite can be found at Troy University’s Online Writing Center:

Guides on developing an argument and thesis statement can be found at the Online Writing Center at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill:

Harvard faculty express their viewpoints on writing an argument:

Harvard faculty express their viewpoints on using evidence and analysis:

Strategies to read a text and to draft the essay can be found at The Harvard College Writing Center:

• “How to Do a Close Reading”
• “Developing a Thesis”

Purdue OWL clarifies the distinctions in using summary, paraphrase, and direct quotations to present evidence:

Tips on drafting conclusions can be found at Troy University’s Online Writing Center:

More tips on drafting conclusions can be found at the Harvard College Writing Center: 

A video and a guide to eliminate wordiness can be found at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill:

Steps to revise a draft:

• Examine the clarity and relevance of supporting details and evidence within the paragraphs
• Emphasize and explain how direct or indirect quotes support the main ideas of the body paragraphs
• Re-state topic sentences in alignment with supporting details and evidence within the paragraphs
• Re-state the thesis in alignment with topic sentences
• Add, delete, or clarify ideas and sentences in the introduction and conclusion
• Substitute weak words with more precise words.
• A guide on word-choice can be found on the Online Writing Center at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill:
• A practice exercise to eliminate wordiness can be found at Purdue OWL:

An overview of revision strategies can be found at the University of North Carolina at ChapelHill:

Another overview of revision strategies can be found at Troy University’s Online Writing Center:

An overview of proofreading and editing strategies can be found at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill:

Another overview of proofreading and editing strategies can be found at Troy University’s Online Writing Center:

MLA, APA, and Chicago Formatting and Style Guides can be found at owl.purdue.edu   Click on “Purdue OWL” and “Search the OWL” for “MLA, “APA,” or “Chicago Style.”